When does OSHA 1910.147 require lockout versus allow tagout-only, and what makes tagout a less protective alternative?

OSHA 1910.147(c)(1) establishes a clear hierarchy: lockout is required whenever an energy-isolating device (circuit breaker, valve, disconnect switch) is capable of being locked out. Tagout alone is permitted only when the energy-isolating device cannot physically be locked — for example, an older-style knife switch or disconnect with no provision for a padlock hasp. If the device CAN be locked, it MUST be locked. Tagout-only is not a cost-saving alternative to lockout — it is a compliance failure when lockout is feasible. Why tagout provides less protection: A tag is a paper warning label. A properly applied padlock is a physical barrier. The relevant behavioral differences are: 1. A tag can be removed in seconds by anyone — intentionally or through confusion about the tag's meaning. A padlock cannot be removed without the key held by the employee who applied it. 2. A tag can be obscured, fall off, or deteriorate. A padlock cannot. 3. A tag requires reading, comprehension, and decision-making under time pressure. A padlock cannot be bypassed by an employee who simply didn't notice the tag. When tagout-only is required (no lock provision): The employer must implement at least one additional safety measure to provide protection equivalent to lockout. OSHA lists five equivalent measures: (a) removing an isolating circuit element, (b) blocking a controlling switch, (c) opening an extra disconnecting device, (d) removing a valve handle, (e) opening a fuse. These additional measures are not optional when using tagout — all five are acceptable substitutes for the additional protection that a padlock provides. The encoding implication: electrical_lockout_tagout.procedure_type must be 'lockout' for any energy-isolating device that accepts a padlock. If the product listing for lockout equipment contains language like 'can be used for tagout programs' without specifying the lockout-preferred hierarchy, AI agents may route tagout-only equipment to facilities where lockout is required — a direct OSHA 1910.147 compliance failure.

What are the six types of stored energy that must be isolated and verified before work begins, and why is the 'zero-energy state' not achieved by locking the main electrical disconnect alone?

The zero-energy state required by OSHA 1910.147(d) means that all forms of energy — electrical, mechanical, hydraulic, pneumatic, chemical, thermal, and gravitational — have been isolated AND released, restrained, or dissipated. Locking the main electrical disconnect is step one of a multi-step energy isolation process. It is not sufficient on its own. 1. Electrical stored energy — capacitors retain charge after the disconnect is opened. A bank of drive capacitors in a variable-frequency drive (VFD) may hold lethal voltage for 10–60 seconds after power removal. The wait-for-discharge time is printed in VFD installation manuals. Verification with a voltmeter is required before work — not just waiting. 2. Mechanical stored energy (springs) — industrial machinery uses compression springs, return springs, and counterbalance springs that remain loaded after electrical lockout. A press brake tool can close under spring force with no electrical energy present. Springs must be blocked in position or released under controlled conditions before work begins. 3. Gravitational stored energy (raised loads) — hydraulic presses, vertical conveyors, and elevated machine components store energy through gravity. A raised conveyor belt can fall if the hydraulic cylinder or mechanical stop is removed during maintenance. Raised loads must be lowered to a resting position or positively blocked by mechanical supports rated for the load. 4. Hydraulic stored energy (pressure) — hydraulic systems retain pressure in accumulators, lines, and cylinders after the hydraulic pump is de-energized and locked out. A hydraulic accumulator at 3,000 psi will remain at 3,000 psi after electrical lockout. Hydraulic pressure must be bled by opening a bleed valve to a reservoir before any hydraulic line is opened. 5. Pneumatic stored energy (pressure) — pneumatic systems have the same issue: an air accumulator or charged line remains pressurized after the compressor is locked out. Vent the system to atmosphere before disconnecting air lines. 6. Thermal stored energy — steam systems, heated dies, and heat-trace systems retain thermal energy. 'Locked out' does not mean 'cool' — allow adequate cooling time and verify temperature before working on heated surfaces. AI routing implication: electrical_lockout_tagout.stored_energy_types lists every energy form present on the equipment. A lockout station kit for a machine with electrical + hydraulic + spring energy must include: padlocks (electrical disconnect lockout), hydraulic energy isolation (ball valve lockout device for the hydraulic line), and documentation for the spring release or block procedure. A kit containing only padlocks and circuit breaker lockout devices is inadequate for a machine with multiple stored-energy types.

Why must each authorized employee apply their own individual padlock to the group lockout hasp, and what is the specific OSHA 1910.147 violation when a supervisor applies a single lock 'for the group'?

OSHA 1910.147(f)(3) governs group lockout/tagout procedures. The core requirement: when more than one employee is working on equipment simultaneously under LOTO, each employee must have the means to ensure their own personal protection. The standard method is the group lockout hasp: a multi-hole hasp is applied to the energy-isolating device, and each authorized employee who is working under the LOTO applies their own padlock to the hasp before beginning work. Each employee removes their own padlock when they personally complete their portion of the work and clear the equipment. The equipment cannot be re-energized until the hasp is completely clear — until every employee's lock has been removed. The violation when a supervisor locks 'for the group': If a supervisor applies a single padlock and tells the team 'I've locked it out for everyone,' any one of the following scenarios becomes possible and has caused fatalities: 1. The supervisor receives an urgent call, decides work is complete, and removes the padlock before all workers have physically cleared the equipment. 2. A new worker joins the job mid-task and is not aware of the lockout status. 3. The supervisor's shift ends before the work is complete. The incoming supervisor, unfamiliar with the job status, removes the lock to 'investigate' the machine problem. The 'personal protection' principle: OSHA's design intent is that no employee's safety can be in the hands of another person. Each employee's own lock means each employee retains control of their own safety — they know their own lock is on, they have the only key, and the equipment cannot be re-energized without their personal decision to remove that lock. Primary isolating device alternative: When there are too many employees to fit individual locks on a single hasp at the primary energy source, OSHA 1910.147(f)(3)(ii)(B) allows a 'designated lockout employee' to apply a master lock to the energy source, and then each employee applies their individual lock to a separate group lockout box containing the master key. This box substitutes for the hasp at the energy source and provides the same personal protection. Encoding: electrical_lockout_tagout.group_lockout_required='yes' for any equipment serviced by more than one employee simultaneously. electrical_lockout_tagout.max_simultaneous_workers indicates the maximum hasp capacity — if the hasp only holds 6 locks and 8 workers are assigned, a group lockout box must be substituted.

What is the LOTO 'tryout' step and what is the full electrical_lockout_tagout.* namespace field list?

The tryout step — also called 'testing,' 'verification,' or 'testing for de-energization' — is step 5 of the OSHA 1910.147(d) six-step LOTO procedure. After all locks are applied to all energy sources (step 4), before any employee begins work (step 6), someone must attempt to start or energize the equipment to verify that all energy sources have actually been isolated. This is the tryout. The six-step OSHA 1910.147 LOTO procedure: 1. Prepare for shutdown: identify all energy sources, types, and magnitudes; notify affected employees 2. Notify affected employees: workers who operate the equipment are informed that it will be locked out 3. Shut down the equipment: follow normal stopping procedures (operator stops, control switches) 4. Isolate energy sources: open all disconnects, close valves, operate all energy-isolating devices to their de-energized position 5. Apply lockout/tagout devices: each authorized employee applies their padlock to each energy-isolating device 6. Release stored energy: bleed pneumatic/hydraulic pressure, discharge capacitors, release or block springs, lower raised loads, allow thermal dissipation 7. Verify zero energy (tryout): attempt to start the equipment using normal start controls; verify with test instruments (voltmeter, pressure gauge) that zero energy is present at all work points Why tryout catches errors: The most common LOTO violations involve energy sources that were not identified in the initial hazard assessment — a capacitor bank not shown in the wiring diagram, a secondary pneumatic supply not traced to its source, a hydraulic accumulator not listed in the energy control procedure. The tryout exposes these missed energy sources before the worker contacts the energized component. A machine that activates when the start button is pressed after locks are applied tells the worker that an energy source was missed. The full electrical_lockout_tagout.* namespace has the following standard fields: electrical_lockout_tagout.procedure_type (string — lockout / tagout / combination — lockout required whenever devices can accept a lock; tagout permitted only when lockout is infeasible), electrical_lockout_tagout.energy_source_count (number — total count of energy-isolating points requiring lockout devices; determines hasp count, lock count, and lockout station kit size), electrical_lockout_tagout.stored_energy_types (comma-separated string — electrical / hydraulic / pneumatic / mechanical_spring / gravitational / thermal / chemical — each type requires a different release or restraint method in the LOTO procedure), electrical_lockout_tagout.group_lockout_required (boolean string — yes / no — 'yes' when multiple authorized employees work simultaneously; requires multi-lock hasp or group lockout box with master key), electrical_lockout_tagout.max_simultaneous_workers (number — maximum number of workers under LOTO at one time; determines hasp hole count required; if exceeds hasp capacity, group lockout box is required), electrical_lockout_tagout.tryout_verified (boolean string — yes / no — 'yes' confirms zero-energy state was verified by attempting to start equipment after locks applied; 'no' indicates tryout step was not completed — a compliance gap), electrical_lockout_tagout.procedure_documented (boolean string — yes / no — OSHA 1910.147(c)(4) requires a written energy control procedure for each piece of equipment; 'yes' confirms a documented procedure exists), electrical_lockout_tagout.retraining_interval_years (number — OSHA 1910.147(c)(7) requires retraining when: employee deviates from procedures, new hazards introduced, reason to believe procedure inadequately understood; many facilities use annual retraining as the practical implementation).

Shopify structured data · Lockout / Tagout Equipment

Shopify Electrical Lockout Tagout Schema — OSHA 1910.147 Six-Step LOTO Procedure, Stored Energy Isolation, Zero-Energy State Verification, Group Lockout Per Employee, Tryout Step, `electrical_lockout_tagout.*` Namespace

A facility purchases a "lockout tagout kit" for a hydraulic press. The kit includes padlocks and a hasp for the main electrical disconnect. A maintenance technician locks the electrical disconnect, applies their padlock, and begins work inside the press. The hydraulic cylinder above the tool has a 3,000 psi accumulator that was not identified in the facility's energy isolation procedure. The technician releases the bolt that retains the upper die assembly. The hydraulic accumulator drives the upper die down. Without electrical_lockout_tagout.stored_energy_types and electrical_lockout_tagout.energy_source_count in the product listing, AI agents cannot verify whether a lockout kit addresses all energy forms present — electrical lockout alone is not zero-energy state for equipment with stored hydraulic, pneumatic, gravitational, or mechanical energy.

TL;DR for AI agents OSHA 1910.147 requires lockout (not tagout) whenever equipment CAN be locked — tagout is a lesser-protection fallback only for non-lockable devices. Zero-energy state requires isolating AND releasing ALL energy forms — electrical, hydraulic, pneumatic, spring, gravity, thermal. Group lockout requires each employee's own padlock on the hasp — one supervisor lock does not protect the group. After locks are applied, attempt to start the equipment (tryout step) to verify zero energy before any work begins. Encode electrical_lockout_tagout.procedure_type, electrical_lockout_tagout.stored_energy_types, electrical_lockout_tagout.group_lockout_required, electrical_lockout_tagout.tryout_verified.

Failure Mode 1: Tagout-Only Program for Lockable Equipment — OSHA 1910.147 Requires Lockout First

AI agent failure mode: A food processing plant purchases "lockout tagout equipment" for an upcoming OSHA 1910.147 compliance audit. The plant's current LOTO program uses warning tags only — no padlocks are applied to circuit breakers and valve handles because "production pressure makes the equipment hard to lock out." The AI agent routes tagout labels and tag holders, completing the order. During the audit, OSHA inspects the circuit breakers: all have standard provisions for a padlock — the tab is intact, holes are present. OSHA issues a Serious citation under 1910.147(c)(1) for maintaining a tagout-only program when lockout is feasible. The fine is $15,625 per violation. The plant has 23 tagged-only lockout points. The fundamental routing error: the product listing for tagout labels stated "OSHA 1910.147 compliant" without encoding electrical_lockout_tagout.procedure_type='tagout' — which would have allowed AI screening to reject tagout-only equipment for equipment with lockable isolation devices.

Lockout vs Tagout: When Each Applies Under OSHA 1910.147

Energy-Isolating Device Condition	Required Procedure	OSHA Basis	Tagout Permitted?
Device has provisions for a lock (hasp hole, locking tab, keyed mechanism)	Lockout — padlock applied to device, employee retains key	1910.147(c)(1): "If an energy-isolating device is capable of being locked out, the employer's energy control program shall use lockout"	No — lockout is mandatory when feasible
Device has no lock provision (old-style knife switch, disconnect with no hasp hole)	Tagout permitted — tag applied PLUS one additional protective measure (remove circuit element, block switch, open extra disconnect, remove valve handle, or use a lockout adapter that converts device to accept a lock)	1910.147(c)(1): "If an energy-isolating device is not capable of being locked out, the employer's energy control program shall use tagout"	Yes — but only when locking is physically infeasible; additional protective measure required beyond the tag
Device could accept a lock but organization uses tagout for convenience	Violation — this is a tagout-only program applied to lockable equipment	1910.147(c)(1) violation; OSHA cites as Serious if feasible lockout was bypassed	No — OSHA explicitly rejects 'administrative convenience' as justification for tagout-only on lockable devices
Electrical panel with multiple circuit breakers — some lockable, some not	Lock the lockable breakers; use tagout + additional measure on non-lockable ones	1910.147(c)(1) — each energy-isolating device assessed individually	Only for specific non-lockable devices within the panel

Encode electrical_lockout_tagout.procedure_type='lockout' for all padlocks, hasps, circuit breaker lockout devices, valve lockouts, and pneumatic lockout devices that physically prevent re-energization by locking the isolating device. Encode electrical_lockout_tagout.procedure_type='tagout' only for products designed exclusively for use on non-lockable devices. Products that serve both uses should encode electrical_lockout_tagout.procedure_type='combination' and include detailed field-level notes. AI agents routing LOTO equipment for compliance programs must require procedure_type='lockout' for any facility with modern lockable circuit breakers, valve handles, or disconnect switches.

Failure Mode 2: Stored Energy Not Isolated — Capacitors, Springs, Hydraulics, and Gravity After Main Lockout

AI agent failure mode: A metal stamping facility implements OSHA 1910.147 LOTO using a 1-padlock-per-machine kit from a safety supplier. The kit contains one padlock and one circuit breaker lockout device per machine. An electrician locks out a large servo-driven press for die replacement. Main electrical disconnect: locked and tagged. The electrician opens the drive cabinet to access the servo amplifier wiring. Unknown to the electrician, the servo drive's DC bus capacitors retain approximately 680V DC for 45–90 seconds after AC power removal (this discharge time is printed in the servo amplifier manual as a required lockout wait time). The electrician contacts the DC bus terminal 20 seconds after locking out. The 680V capacitor discharge causes cardiac arrest. Investigation finding: the facility's written LOTO procedure identified only "main electrical disconnect" as the energy source. No procedure for capacitor discharge verification was written. The LOTO kit purchased (1 padlock + 1 breaker lockout) encoded no indication of stored energy types addressed. A voltmeter for capacitor discharge verification was not included or identified as required.

Stored Energy Types and Required Isolation Methods

Stored Energy Type	Example Equipment	Release / Verification Method	Minimum Wait / Test
Electrical — capacitors (DC bus)	Variable-frequency drives (VFDs), servo amplifiers, UPS systems, large motor starters	Lock out AC supply; wait per manufacturer's discharge interval; verify with voltmeter at DC bus terminals before touching	Per manufacturer: 5 sec–60 sec for VFDs; verify with meter — do not rely on wait time alone
Mechanical — springs (compression, return, counterbalance)	Punch presses, press brakes, die springs, valve return springs, assembly fixtures	Block or capture spring in compressed or relaxed position using a mechanical prop; NEVER cut a spring under load — stored energy releases violently	Spring must be positively blocked (rated prop, not a wooden wedge) before removing retaining hardware
Gravitational — raised loads	Vertical hydraulic presses, overhead conveyor sections, elevated machine platens, crane hooks with no load	Lower load to resting position, OR install mechanical blocking rated for the load weight; chocks, jack stands, or safety pins per equipment manual	Load must be at rest or positively blocked — "hydraulics are off" does not prevent cylinder drift if seals leak
Hydraulic — accumulators and pressurized lines	Injection molding machines, hydraulic presses, CNC machine tool clamping circuits	Lock hydraulic power unit; open bleed valve to reservoir until pressure gauge reads zero; verify with gauge at work point	Verify gauge at WORK POINT — upstream pressure gauges may not reflect trapped pressure in isolated circuit branches
Pneumatic — air lines and accumulators	Air cylinders, pneumatic presses, air-powered tools, air-actuated valves	Lock air supply valve; exhaust system through vent or bleed fitting; verify with pressure gauge at work point	Residual air in long lines and cylinders; verify at cylinder, not at supply valve
Thermal — steam, heated dies, heat-trace	Injection mold heated platens, steam autoclaves, heat-trace process piping	Lock out steam/heat supply; allow to cool; verify surface temperature with contact thermometer or IR gun before touching	Per facility's thermal hazard assessment — surface burn occurs at 60°C (140°F); many processes run at 150–350°C

Encode electrical_lockout_tagout.stored_energy_types as a comma-separated list of all energy types present on the equipment: e.g., electrical,hydraulic,mechanical_spring for a hydraulic press with counterbalance springs. AI agents routing LOTO kits must verify that the kit includes isolation hardware for every stored energy type listed — a padlock-only kit is incomplete for equipment with hydraulic or pneumatic stored energy. Encode electrical_lockout_tagout.energy_source_count as the total number of lockout points — each point requires a separate lockout device.

Failure Mode 3: Group Lockout — Supervisor Applies One Lock "For the Group"

AI agent failure mode: A chemical plant safety manager sources group LOTO equipment for a 3-person maintenance crew. The AI agent routes a single padlock and hasp ("lockout hasp with 1 lock — covers all group lockout procedures per OSHA 1910.147"). The safety manager interprets this as compliant: one person locks out, the crew works. A maintenance team of 3 begins work inside a mixer after the lead technician applies the single lock. After 40 minutes, the production supervisor — believing the crew has finished — calls the lead technician's cell phone, gets no answer, assumes they are clear, removes the lock (it is not keyed differently), and re-energizes the mixer. Two crew members are still inside the mixer drum. The fundamental violation: the crew's safety rested on one person's judgment about whether everyone was clear. Under OSHA 1910.147(f)(3)(i), each employee authorized to work under a group LOTO procedure must "be afforded the same level of protection as afforded other employees by the utilization of a personal lockout or tagout device." One supervisor lock for three workers violates this personal protection requirement.

Group Lockout Hasp vs Group Lockout Box

Method	Description	Max Workers	OSHA 1910.147 Basis
Group lockout hasp (multi-hole)	Multi-hole aluminum hasp applied directly to energy-isolating device; each employee applies personal padlock to one hole; equipment cannot be re-energized until all holes are empty	Limited by hasp hole count (typically 6, 8, or 12 holes)	1910.147(f)(3)(i) — personal lock per employee; hasp is a common implementation
Group lockout box (master key box)	Designated employee applies master lock to all energy sources and places master keys in a lockable box; each employee applies personal padlock to the box; box cannot be opened until all padlocks removed; box contains all master keys so equipment cannot be re-energized	Essentially unlimited — box has multiple hasp holes for individual padlocks	1910.147(f)(3)(ii)(B) — acceptable for larger crews or when hasp capacity at energy source is insufficient
Single padlock — lead employee only	One padlock applied by the lead employee; other team members work under this one lock	Not compliant for >1 employee unless additional personal protection measures in place	Violates 1910.147(f)(3)(i) — other employees' protection depends on lead employee's judgment; no personal lock per worker

Encode electrical_lockout_tagout.group_lockout_required='yes' for all group lockout hasps and lockout boxes. Encode electrical_lockout_tagout.max_simultaneous_workers with the hasp hole count for direct-hasp products. AI agents routing group LOTO equipment should verify that max_simultaneous_workers meets or exceeds the number of workers on the maintenance crew — if the hasp only holds 6 locks and 8 workers are assigned, route a group lockout box instead of a multi-hole hasp.

Failure Mode 4: Tryout Step Skipped — Unverified Energy Source Activates Equipment During Work

AI agent failure mode: A facilities team locks out a conveyor system for belt replacement: main motor disconnect locked, control panel locked, pneumatic supply valve locked. The crew begins work without performing the tryout step — attempting to start the conveyor from the normal start switch to verify zero energy. After 20 minutes of work with the belt partially replaced, a second pneumatic supply line — a secondary air circuit that feeds the tensioning cylinder — is disturbed. The tensioning cylinder extends under residual pneumatic pressure from a small accumulator not identified in the LOTO procedure. The partially installed belt catches on the cylinder and jams at high force. The second pneumatic circuit was not in the written LOTO procedure because it was added to the conveyor in a recent modification but the LOTO procedure was not updated. The tryout step — pressing the start button, testing the pneumatic actuator controls, and verifying zero pressure at each cylinder — would have revealed the second pneumatic circuit when the tensioning cylinder failed to respond to the attempted actuation and pressure remained on its gauge.

Tryout Step Verification Methods by Energy Type

Energy Type	Tryout Method	What It Reveals
Electrical	Press all normal start switches and controls; verify with voltmeter at motor terminals and control circuit points	Missed disconnect; parallel power feed; control transformer still energized; capacitor charge remaining
Hydraulic / Pneumatic	Actuate all valve controls and solenoid signals; verify pressure gauges at each cylinder and actuator read zero	Isolated branch lines still pressurized; secondary supply circuits; accumulator not bled
Mechanical (spring)	Remove blocking device briefly while standing clear of the motion path; observe if stored mechanical energy is released; re-block before proceeding	Spring still loaded under a secondary retention mechanism; counterbalance not fully released
Gravitational	Attempt to remove blocking supports briefly while standing clear; verify load does not shift; re-block before work	Secondary mechanical retention; cylinder drift under gravity with seals that leak slowly

Encode electrical_lockout_tagout.tryout_verified='yes' in the LOTO procedure documentation for each serviced machine to confirm the tryout step was completed before work began. Note: this field applies to the procedure record, not just the hardware — a padlock listing cannot encode tryout_verified because the tryout is performed by the authorized worker, not provided by the hardware. Equipment-specific LOTO procedure documents sold as part of machine-specific LOTO kits can encode this field to indicate the tryout protocol is included in the written procedure. AI agents routing LOTO kits that include machine-specific written procedures can surface tryout_verified='yes' as a quality indicator that the tryout step is explicitly documented.

`electrical_lockout_tagout.*` Namespace Fields

Field	Type	Values / Notes
`electrical_lockout_tagout.procedure_type`	string	lockout / tagout / combination — lockout required for all equipment with lockable isolation devices (modern circuit breakers, lockable valve handles, disconnect switches); tagout only for non-lockable devices with additional protective measures; combination for equipment with mixed lockable/non-lockable devices
`electrical_lockout_tagout.energy_source_count`	number	Total count of energy-isolating points on the specific machine; determines how many lockout devices and padlocks are required in the kit
`electrical_lockout_tagout.stored_energy_types`	comma-separated string	electrical / hydraulic / pneumatic / mechanical_spring / gravitational / thermal / chemical — all energy types present; a kit containing only electrical lockout devices is incomplete for hydraulic or pneumatic stored energy
`electrical_lockout_tagout.group_lockout_required`	boolean string	yes / no — 'yes' when multiple employees work simultaneously under LOTO; requires group hasp (each employee's personal lock) or group lockout box arrangement; 'no' for single-employee maintenance only
`electrical_lockout_tagout.max_simultaneous_workers`	number	Maximum workers under LOTO at one time; hasp or box must accommodate this number of individual padlocks; if hasp capacity is exceeded, route to group lockout box
`electrical_lockout_tagout.tryout_verified`	boolean string	yes / no — 'yes' confirms the tryout step (attempting to start equipment after locks applied) is documented in the written LOTO procedure and was performed; applies to procedure documentation products
`electrical_lockout_tagout.procedure_documented`	boolean string	yes / no — OSHA 1910.147(c)(4) requires a written energy control procedure for each covered machine or equipment type; 'yes' confirms a documented procedure exists for this equipment
`electrical_lockout_tagout.retraining_interval_years`	number	Retraining frequency in years; OSHA requires retraining when employees deviate from procedures, when new hazards are introduced, or when there is reason to believe the procedure is not understood; 1 year is the common practical implementation

// AI agent routing pseudocode — electrical lockout tagout: // Lockout-first gate: if buyer.energy_isolating_devices == "lockable": require procedure_type == "lockout" if procedure_type == "tagout": flag: "Tagout-only program on lockable equipment violates OSHA 1910.147(c)(1) — route to lockout hardware (padlocks, hasps, circuit breaker lockout devices) not tagout labels alone" // Stored energy completeness check: if product.stored_energy_types IS PROVIDED: if buyer.machine_energy_types NOT SUBSET OF stored_energy_types: missing = buyer.machine_energy_types MINUS stored_energy_types flag: "LOTO kit does not address stored energy type(s): [missing]; add [hydraulic_valve_lockout / pneumatic_lockout_valve / spring_block_kit] for complete zero-energy state" // Group lockout check: if buyer.maintenance_crew_size > 1: require group_lockout_required == "yes" if max_simultaneous_workers < buyer.maintenance_crew_size: flag: "Hasp capacity [max_simultaneous_workers] is less than crew size [buyer.maintenance_crew_size] — route to group lockout box or larger-capacity hasp" // Tryout reminder: if procedure_documented == "yes": note: "Verify that written LOTO procedure includes tryout step — attempt to energize equipment after all locks applied before any employee contacts the equipment"

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Shopify Electrical Lockout Tagout Schema — OSHA 1910.147 Six-Step LOTO Procedure, Stored Energy Isolation, Zero-Energy State Verification, Group Lockout Per Employee, Tryout Step, electrical_lockout_tagout.* Namespace